Lieutenant Aymeric. [7] Services such as the Italian Guardia di Finanza would rarely be defined as gendarmeries since the service is of an ambiguous military status and does not have general policing duties amongst the civilian population. Later in the year, the battalion of Durrës was established and also an academy for recruiting gendarmes in Tirana.

After the declaration of independence of Albania was necessary to create a law enforcement force for maintaining order throughout the territory. A gendarmerie (/ ʒ ɒ n ˈ d ɑːr m ər i, ʒ ɒ̃-/) is a military force with law enforcement duties among the civilian population. Through the agency of the Irish police chief, General Hugh Tudor, this British Since different countries may make different use of institutional terms such as "gendarmerie", there are cases in which the term may become confusing. The use of military organisations to police civilian populations is common to many time periods and cultures. Forces de police et forces armées, sécurité et défense: où sont les frontières? [6], https://www.asp.gov.al/index.php/2014-09-22-09-11-14/historiku, http://gazeta-shqip.com/lajme/2014/01/24/holandezet-ne-shqiperi100-vjet-pare/, http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/bwn1880-2000/lemmata/bwn1/thomson, http://bunkart.al/2/ekspozita_historike/xhandarmeria-nga-pavaresia-deri-ne-luften-e-dyte-boterore/xhandarmeria-pas-luftes-se-pare-boterore, http://www.doktoratura.unitir.edu.al/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Doktoratura-Benita-Stavre-Fakulteti-i-Gjuheve-te-Huaja-Departamenti-i-Gjuhes-Angleze.pdf, http://bunkart.al/2/ekspozita_historike/xhandarmeria-nga-pavaresia-deri-ne-luften-e-dyte-boterore/xhandarmeria-dhe-policia-ne-vitet-e-mbreterise, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal_Albanian_Gendarmerie&oldid=870153651, Military units and formations established in 1913, Military units and formations disestablished in 1939, Articles containing Albanian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Military police and general expertise in permanent service of public security; Armed force, This page was last edited on 22 November 2018, at 19:39. The GNA often take part in UN peace keeping missions.[11]. In Chile, the word "gendarmerie" refers for historic reasons to the prison service (the "Chilean Gendarmerie"), while the actual gendarmerie force is called the "carabineros". In some cases, a police service's military links are ambiguous and it can be unclear whether a force should be defined as a gendarmerie (e.g. info); English: National Gendarmerie Intervention Group) is the elite police tactical unit of the French National Gendarmerie.Its missions include counter-terrorism, hostage rescue, surveillance of national threats, protection of government officials, and targeting organized crime.

[1] In France and some Francophone nations, the gendarmerie is a branch of the armed forces responsible for internal security in parts of the territory (primarily in rural areas and small towns in the case of France) with additional duties as a military police for the armed forces. The term gendarme (English: / ˈ ʒ ɒ n d ɑːr m /) is derived from the medieval French expression gens d'armes, which translates to "men-at-arms" (literally, "armed people"). In March 1914, the Great Powers established the International Commission of Control (Albanian: Komisioni Ndërkombëtar i Kontrollit or KNK) and sent in Albania some Dutch officers to organize and train the Albanian Armed Forces, which also included Arm of Gendarmerie and Albanian Militia. In France, the gendarmerie is in charge of rural areas and small towns (typically less than 10.000 inhabitants) which represent 95% of the territory and close to 50% of the population. However the RCMP is a mainly civilian organisation within Public Safety Canada. Historically, the spelling in English was gendarmery, but now the French spelling gendarmerie is more common. In 1925, Colonel Stirling was appointed General Inspector of the Albanian gendarmerie, which at that time had an effective 3,000 forces. Since these are not strictly military forces, however, they are not considered gendarmerie. The gendarmerie also set her regular gray-green uniform, red and black collar, hooded jacket and ranks in the front part of the collar.[1]. Part of this mission were Col. William De Veer and Major Lodewijk Thomson and several other experienced soldiers. [12][13] Gendarmeries are widely used for internal security and in peacekeeping operations, for instance in the former Yugoslavia[12] and in Ivory Coast,[14] sometimes via the European Gendarmerie Force. Under the command of Haki Ismail Tatzatit, the Italian organizer Ridolfo and Banush Hamdiu, the Arm of Gendarmerie was reestablished. In March 1914, the Great Powers sent Dutch officers who were in charge of organizing and training the Albanian Armed Forces, which also included the Arm of Gendarmerie and the Albanian Militia. Formation Gendarmerie Fs17. For other uses, see, Learn how and when to remove this template message, heavily armoured cavalryman of noble birth, "Historia General de las Relaciones Exteriores de la Republica Argentina (Tomo XV)". Those honours include Northwest Canada, South Africa, The Great War and the Second World War. These forces are normally titled "gendarmerie", but gendarmeries may bear other titles, for instance the Carabinieri in Italy, the Guarda Nacional Republicana in Portugal, the Guardia Civil in Spain, the Royal Marechaussee in the Netherlands or Internal Troops/National Guard in Ukraine and Russia. A common gendarmerie symbol is a flaming grenade, first used as insignia by the French force. FORMATEUR. [4], In 1923 Ahmet Zogu, then Minister of Interior of Albania, hired Colonel Walter Francis Stirling as Minister Counselor, who then was asked to reform the Arm of Gendarmerie according to the British model. Later, Ismail Haki Tatzati was appointed battalion commander in Berat, while in Durrës and Elbasan, respectively Major Kasem Qafëzezi and Major Mustafa Aranitasi. In 2014 the Mexican Federal Police, a heavily armed force which has many attributes of a gendarmerie, created a new seventh branch of service called the National Gendarmerie Division.

The growth and expansion of gendarmerie units worldwide has been linked to an increasing reluctance by some governments to use military units typically entrusted with external defence for combating internal threats.

In Russia, the modern National Guard (successor of the Internal Troops) are military units with quasi-police duties but historically, different bodies within the Tsarist Special Corps of Gendarmes performed a variety of functions as an armed rural constabulary, urban riot control units, frontier guards, intelligence agents and political police. During the Late Medieval to the Early Modern period, the term referred to a heavily armoured cavalryman of noble birth, primarily serving in the French army. Prior to the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922, British rule was based on the Royal Irish Constabulary—a drilled and armed force located in rural "barracks" that was a gendarmerie in all but in name.

The word gained policing connotations only during the French Revolution when the Maréchaussée of the Ancien Régime, attached to the Gendarmerie before, by the Monarchy, was renamed, "Gendarmerie". In countries where the gendarmerie and civilian police co-exist there may be rivalries and tensions between the forces. [6] Generally there is some coordination between ministries of defence and the interior over the use of gendarmes. The National Gendarmerie (French: Gendarmerie nationale [ʒɑ̃daʁməʁi nɑsjɔnal]) is one of two national police forces of France, along with the National Police.It is a branch of the French Armed Forces placed under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interior—with additional duties to the Ministry of Defense. [2] In the mid-twentieth century, a number of former French mandates or colonial possessions such as Lebanon, Syria, the Ivory Coast, and the Republic of the Congo adopted a gendarmerie after independence. [5], Some of the more prominent modern gendarmerie organizations include the French National Gendarmerie, Spanish Civil Guard, Argentine National Gendarmerie, Italian Carabinieri, the Royal Netherlands Marechaussee, the Portuguese National Republican Guard and the Turkish Gendarmerie.[5]. The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) uses gendarmery as the principal spelling; Merriam-Webster uses gendarmerie as the principal spelling. Gendarmes play an important role re-establishing law and order in conflict areas, a task which is suited to their purpose, training and capabilities. Chile, France, Italy, Portugal and Spain). He left the post of Counselor in 1926 but continued to stay in Albania until 1931, in the position of "Inspector General" at the Ministry of Internal Affairs. For bodies called "Gendarmerie", see, "Gendarme" redirects here. Italy, Belgium and Austria have had gendarmeries through Napoleonic influence for instance but, while Italy still has the Italian equivalent known as the Carabinieri, Belgium and Austria's gendarmeries have merged with the civil police (in, respectively, 2001 and 2005). The reforms that have taken was not always successful. photos police technique & scientifique.

In 1926, Colonel Stirling was replaced by Major General Jocelyn Percey, who tried to reorganize the Albanian gendarmerie in the most useful structures. photos droit penal.
At the beginning, 1000 recruits would be prepared, while in its entirety, the Albanian Gendarmerie was foreseen with 5000 recruits. The British Section of the Palestine Gendarmerie was raised in early 1922 by the colonial secretary, Winston Churchill, as a striking force and riot squad for Palestine. Capitaine Jérémy. The national police force of Canada, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police is referred to in French as the Gendarmerie royale du Canada (GRC). Many countries that were once under French rule and influence have a gendarmerie. The Argentine Gendarmerie is a military force in terms of training, identity and public perception, and was involved in combat in the Falklands War, however it is classified as a "security force" not an "armed force", to exercise jurisdiction over the civilian population under Argentine law. Mexico's Federal Police, Brazil's Military Police, or the former British South Africa Police until 1980). The first Albanian government has been tasked with creating the Arms of Gendarmerie' Alem Tragjasin, Hysni Toskas, Sali Vranisht and Hajredin Hekalin. Some historical military units, such as South-West Africa's Koevoet, were only defined as police for political reasons.

A gendarmerie (/ʒɒnˈdɑːrməri, ʒɒ̃-/) is a military force with law enforcement duties among the civilian population. The new force would initially number 5,000 personnel and was created with the assistance of the French gendarmerie.[8].
The Arm of Gendarmerie changed his name in Arm of the Royal Gendarmerie (Albanian: Arma e Gjindarmërisë Mbretnore or AGJM). In 1928, after parliament's consent to its own dissolution.

Gendarmes are very rarely deployed in military situations, except in humanitarian deployments abroad.

.

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